Journal of Andrology Testis Workshop 2009
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Published-Ahead-of-Print October 2, 2008, DOI:10.2164/jandrol.108.005538

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Expression of Nitric Oxide Synthase During Germ Cell Apoptosis in Testis of Cynomolgus Monkey after Testosterone and Heat Treatment

Jian Guo , Yue Jia , Shixin Tao , Yinchuan Li , Xuesen Zhang , Zhaoyuan Hu , Naomi Chiang , Yan-He Lue , Amiya P. Sinha Hikim , Ronald S. Swerdloff , Christina Wang , and Yixun Liu *

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: liuyx{at}ioz.ac.cn.

This study investigates the possible involvement of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in activating germ cell death in monkeys after mild testicular hyperthermia and/or hormonal deprivation. Groups of 8 adult monkeys received one of the following treatments for 12 weeks: 1) two empty silastic implants; 2) two testosterone (T) implants; 3) daily exposure of testes to heat (43°C for 30 min) for 2 consecutive days; and 4) two T implants plus testicular heat exposure. Testicular biopsies were performed before and on days 3, 8, 28, and 84 of the treatment. In control monkey testis endothelial NOS (eNOS) was observed mainly in Sertoli cells and spermatogonia. No obvious alteration in eNOS level was detected in any of the treatment group as assessed by Western blotting. Induction of inducible NOS (iNOS) in testes of the three treated groups was detected by immunoblotting as early as on day 3 after these treatments compared to that of controls. Immunocytochemistry further revealed a small increase in iNOS expression in both germ cells and Sertoli cells after T treatment. However, treatment of heat or heat in combination with T markedly induced iNOS expression in germ cells. These data suggest that iNOS, but not eNOS, may be involved in monkey testicular germ cell death after heat and/or T treatment.


Key words: Androgen • Spermatogenesis • Testis






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Copyright © 2008 by The American Society of Andrology.