The pesticide DDT [1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(chlorodiphenyl)ethane] is one of the 12 persistent organic pollutants (POPs) that were under negotiation at the Stockholm Convention, to restrict or ban their production and use because of to their toxicity, resistance to breakdown, bioaccumulation and potential for being transported over long distances. DDT has estrogenic potential and the main metabolite p,p'-DDE is a potent anti-androgen. In response to mounting evidence on the endocrine disrupting influence of environmental chemicals on human health, this epidemiological study was initiated to test the hypothesis that non-occupational exposure to DDT affects male reproductive parameters. In a cross sectional study healthy male subjects (n=311) aged between 18 and 40 years(23±5) were recruited from three communities in an endemic malaria area where DDT is sprayed annually. A semen analysis according to the World Health Organization (WHO)(1999) standards was performed. The Hamilton Thorne Computer Assisted Sperm Analysis (CASA) system was simultaneously used to determine additional sperm motility parameters. Blood plasma samples were assayed for p,p'-DDT and metabolites as a measure of exposure. The exposure levels were expressed as lipid adjusted p,p'-DDT and p,p'-DDE values. The mean p,p’-DDT and p,p'-DDE concentrations were 90.23 µg/g (±102.4) and 215.47 µg/g (±210.6), respectively. The multivariate linear regression analyses indicated that: the mean CASA motility was lower with a higher p,p'-DDE concentration (beta = -0.02; p=0.001) and the CASA parameter, beat cross frequency (BCF)was higher with a higher p,p'-DDT concentration (beta= 0.01; p =0.000). There was also a statistically significantly positive association between the percentage sperm with cytoplasmic droplets and p,p’-DDT concentration(beta =0.0014; p =0.014). The ejaculate volume (mean:1.9±1.33mL) was lower than the normal range (2.0mL)for the WHO, and a significant decrease with increasing p,p'-DDE values was seen for both square rooted volume(beta =-0.0003; p= 0.024) and count (beta =-0.003; p= 0.04). Although there were no associations between either p,p'-DDT or p,p'-DDE concentrations and the rest of the seminal parameters, the incidence of teratozoospermia (% Normal sperm <15%) (99%) was high. Twenty-eight percent of the study group presented with oligozoospermia (< 20 million sperm/mL) which had a significantly positive association with p,p'-DDE (OR:1.001; p = 0.03). There was a significantly positive association between participants with asthenozoospermia (32%) and p,p'-DDT (OR:1.003, p = 0.006) and p,p'-DDE (OR:1.001, p = 0.02). The results imply that non-occupational exposure to DDT is associated with impaired seminal parameters in men. The high exposure levels of p,p'-DDT and p,p'-DDE are of concern, as these levels may have far reaching implications for reproductive and general health.