Journal of Andrology Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on the Epididymis
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Published-Ahead-of-Print October 29, 2009, DOI:10.2164/jandrol.109.008367
Journal of Andrology, Vol. 31, No. 1, January/February 2010
Copyright © American Society of Andrology
DOI: 10.2164/jandrol.109.008367

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Part 4 - Regulation of Gamete Development and Function

LDHC: The Ultimate Testis-Specific Gene

ERWIN GOLDBERG*, EDWARD M. EDDY{dagger}, CHONGWEN DUAN* AND FANNY ODET{dagger}

From the * Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Cell Biology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois; and the {dagger} Laboratory of Reproductive and Developmental Toxicology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina.

Correspondence to: Dr E. Goldberg, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Cell Biology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208 (e-mail: erv{at}northwestern.edu).



Abstract

Lactate dehydrogenase C (LDHC) was, to the best of our knowledge, the first testis-specific isozyme discovered in male germ cells. In fact, this was accomplished shortly before "isozymes or isoenzymes" became a field of study. LDHC was detected initially in human spermatozoa and spermatogenic cells of the testes by gel electrophoresis. Immunohistochemistry was used to localize LDHC first in early-pachytene primary spermatocytes, with an apparent increase in quantity after meiosis, to its final localization in and on the principal piece of the sperm tail. After several decades of biologic, biochemical, and genetic investigations, we now know that the lactate dehydrogenase isozymes are ubiquitous in vertebrates, developmentally regulated, tissue and cell specific, and multifunctional. Here, we will review the history of LDHC and the work that demonstrates clearly that it is required for sperm to accomplish their ultimate goal, fertilization.

     Key words: Lactate dehydrogenase C, glycolysis, male fertility, sperm




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