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Effect of irradiation of sperm cells on subsequent embryonic development ${dagger}$

Irradiation Dose (Gy)	Number of Oocytes	Cleaved Day 4 (%)	Blastocyst Day 7 (%)	Blastocyst Day 9 (%)	Blastocyst Day 11 (%)	Hatching Day 11 (%)

0	890	68 ± 2.7	15 ± 1.9	28 ± 3.2	27 ± 3.1	21 ± 3.0
0.6	305	65 ± 6.3	15 ± 0.4	24 ± 6.2	22 ± 5.3	13 ± 5.5^*
1.25	344	70 ± 4.9	11 ± 3.9^*	12 ± 3.5^**	12 ± 4.7^**	11 ± 1.5^**
2.5	299	63 ± 3.7	5 ± 1.1^***	5 ± 1.2^***	5 ± 1.4^***	3 ± 0.8^***
5.0	375	58 ± 3.9	1 ± 0.2^***	3 ± 1.3^***	3 ± 1.4^***	2 ± 1.1^***
10	388	46 ± 6.6^*	1 ± 0.4^***	1 ± 0.8^***	0.5 ± 0.4^***	0 ± 0^***

${dagger}$ Statistical differences of irradiation vs control as analyzed by 1-way ANOVA
*P < .05
**P < .01
***P < .001