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Pre- and postoperative mean (±SE) semen parameters for left and bilateral microsurgical varicocelectomy^*

	Preoperative	Postoperative	P ${dagger}$

Left varicocelectomy (n = 194)
Sperm concentration (x10⁶/mL)	19.5 ± 2.2	25.5 ± 2.7	.005 ${ddagger}$
Sperm motility (%)	24.6 ± 1.4	28.3 ± 1.4	.031 ${ddagger}$
Bilateral varicocelectomy (n = 140)
Sperm concentration (x10⁶/mL)	20.9 ± 2.1	28.4 ± 2.8	.006 ${ddagger}$
Sperm motility (%)	28.4 ± 2.8	34.2 ± 2.0	.001 ${ddagger}$

*Values are the mean ± SEM
${dagger}$ Comparison between pre- and postvaricocelectomy
${ddagger}$ Wilcoxon signed rank test