Studies on the effect of paternal age on the risks of difficulties conceiving and miscarriage

Reference Population studied Reproductive outcome Paternal age classes* Paternal age effect? Infertility     Dunson et al, 2002 782 couples using natural family planning methods Probabilities of pregnancy on various days of the menstrual cycle 19-26, 27-29, 30-34, 35-39, 40 +++     Paulson et al, 2001 558 IVF cycles with ovum donation Clinical pregnancy <38, 38-41, 42-46, >46 -     Watanabe et al, 2000 288 IVF cycles with ovum donation Clinical pregnancy <39 (ref), 39 +     Ford et al, 2000 8515 planned pregnancies Infertility (6 and 12 months) 24 (ref), 25-29, 30-34, 35-39, 40 ++     Gallardo et al, 1996 316 IVF cycles with ovum donation Clinical pregnancy 31-40, 41-50, 51 -     Joffe and Li, 1994 2576 men aged 33 years who had fathered a child Time to pregnancy <30 (ref), 30-33 -     Ford et al, 1994 585 couples trying to conceive Infertility (9 months) <35 (ref), 35 ++     Olsen, 1990 10 886 pregnancies Infertility (12 months) 15-19 (ref), 20-24, 25-29, 30-34, 35-39, 40 -/+     Nieschlag et al, 1982 43 men who had fathered a child Ovum penetration (HOP test) 24-37 (ref), 60-88 - Miscarriage     de La Rochobrochard and Thonneau, 2002 3174 planned pregnancies Miscarriage 20-29 (ref), 30-34, 35-39, 40 +++     al-Ansary and Babay, 1994 Hospital patients: 226 miscarriages and 226 controls Miscarriage <30 (ref), 30-34, 35-39, 40-49, 50 ++     Ford et al, 1994 484 planned pregnancies Miscarriage (first trimester) <35 (ref), 35 ++     Wunsch and Gourbin, 1998 611 000 birth and death certificates Late fetal death and neonoatal mortality <35 (ref), 35 +     Selvin and Garfinkel, 1976 1.5 million birth and fetal death certificates Late spontaneous abortion ... +     Resseguie, 1976 Birth and fetal death certificates Late spontaneous abortion ... - *In case of multivariate regression analysis, the reference class is indicated by ref.

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