Journal of Andrology
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Published-Ahead-of-Print October 15, 2009, DOI:10.2164/jandrol.109.008698

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Hereditary Behavior of Varicocele

Ahmet Gökçe *, Mürsel Davarcy , Fatih Rüstü Yalçynkaya , Esref Oguz Güven , Yusuf Selim Kaya , Mehmet Rami Helvacy , and Mevlana Derya Balbay

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: aagokce{at}yahoo.com.

The inheritance of varicoceles and the potential transmission to first-degree relatives has rarely been investigated. In the present study, we examined the first-degree relatives of men with known varicocele to reveal the familial risk for varicocele. Of the patients with clinical varicocele who presented with infertility, testicular pain, or asymmetrical swelling of the scrotum between June 1, 2008, and May 31, 2009, 49 agreed to have their available first-degree relatives contacted for screening of varicoceles (n = 66). A cohort of 100 consecutive men who applied to the department of internal medicine between 2008 and 2009 for check up procedure without a history of subfertility or a varicocele were used as a control population. Of the 92 first-degree relatives contacted, 66 (71.7%) decided to participate in this study. Of these 66 men, 21 (33.9%) had a palpable varicocele on physical examination. Compared with control population (12%), the prevalence of palpable varicocele in the first-degree relatives of patients with known varicocele (33.9%) was approximately 3-fold greater (p<0.005). Among the first-degree relatives, 4 (21.1%) of 19 fathers and 17 (36.2%) of 47 brothers had palpable varicocele. As a conclusion, a significant increase in varicocele prevalence is present in the first-degree relatives of men with known varicoceles. Patients should be counseled about this increased risk in male relatives of patients.


Key words: Infertility • Varicocele • heredity • prevalence






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