Journal of Andrology
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Published-Ahead-of-Print October 30, 2008, DOI:10.2164/jandrol.108.005629
Journal of Andrology, Vol. 30, No. 2, March/April 2009
Copyright © American Society of Andrology
DOI: 10.2164/jandrol.108.005629

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Procyanidin Induces Apoptosis and Necrosis of Prostate Cancer Cell Line PC-3 in a Mitochondrion-Dependent Manner

X. J. SHANG*, G. YAO{dagger}, J. P. GE{ddagger}, Y. SUN*, W. H. TENG* AND Y. F. HUANG*

From the * Department of Andrology, the {dagger} Department of Transfusion, and the {ddagger} Department of Urology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University Clinical School of Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China.

Correspondence to: X. J. Shang, Department of Andrology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University Clinical School of Medicine, Nanjing 210002, P. R. China (e-mail: shangxj{at}androl.cn); or G. Yao, Department of Transfusion, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University Clinical School of Medicine, Nanjing 210002, P. R. China (e-mail: yaogenhong{at}yahoo.com).


Our objective was to study the effects of procyanidin on the cell death of human hormone-resistant prostate carcinoma cell line PC-3 and its mechanism. PC-3 cells were treated with procyanidin of different concentrations. The cell apoptosis rates were detected by annexin V-FITC and propidium iodide double staining followed by flow cytometry (FCM) analysis. Mitochondrial membrane potential ({Delta}{psi}m) was analyzed by FCM with rhodamine 123 staining. After 24 hours of treatment with 300 µg/mL procyanidin, the apoptosis rate of PC-3 cells was 44.86%, and {Delta}{psi}m was significantly decreased by 87.30%. With the extending of procyanidin treatment, the apoptosis rate decreased whereas the necrosis rate increased. Procyanidin could induce apoptosis and necrosis in PC-3 cells, which might be related to down-regulation of {Delta}{psi}m.

     Key words: Grape seed extract, cell death, anticancer, mitochondrial membrane potential






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